Our cultural luggage, acquired through heritage and selection, is indeed the structuring element, under the condition that there is something to structure in the first place. Harmony structures the melody in music, drawing structures colour in painting and ideas structure feelings and images in literature – to paraphrase Pierre Lanbriet.
Proust writes in “Le Temps Retrouve” that
Marcel Proust wrote:…we are not at all free with respect to the work of art, we do not create it as we please; instead, because it preexists within us, we must – since it is necessary and at the same time concealed – discover it the way we would do with a law of Nature.
Becoming familiar with Style’s consecrated possibilities of expression is as useful to us as the theory of colour to a painter: it can help him understand better what he is doing (or what he is feeling), but it won't teach him how to paint. True style always discovers its own way of doing things (which may prove similar to others', but discovering it remains a personal experience) – from the most mundane tasks to the most complex: originality comes naturally, effortlessly, in fact Style cannot help being creative and original.
In the absence of a strong vision of which one is already aware, I think Schopenhauer’s cited work poses the danger of a damaging divorce between intuition and intellect.
Any place is good to find inspiration for means of expression – the museum, the woods or the bar – as long as the eye and the mind work together to go beyond banality and the obvious. But beware of “moulding” the eye – rather, I would strive to maintain it fresh and capable of noticing the essential, the surprising, the hidden gem in any piece of rock; as well as the cliche and the triviality of the intellect under any polished appearance.
As for the refinement of expression, I understand it in the sense of dispensing with all that is superfluous with respect to our vision, rather than adding layer after layer of borrowed cultural material.
The most important part of this search is inside, rather than outside: there we will find our unique backbone, which will indicate what shape and size of ribs will fit it for a harmonious shape.